The interaction forces that may be present among the particles of a system give rise to internal torques . 系統(tǒng)內(nèi)各質(zhì)點(diǎn)間可能存在著的相互作用力,會(huì)產(chǎn)生內(nèi)力矩。
They have no electric charge and are completely unaffected by electromagnetic or strong interaction forces . 它們不帶電,無論電磁力還是強(qiáng)相互作用對(duì)它們都完全不起作用。
Iterative methods are developed to calculate the geometric relationship and interaction force between wheel and rail 建立了輪軌接觸幾何和輪軌接觸力的迭代算法。
A predictive formula for shear stresses is finally made corresponding to the interaction force of particles in the infinite single - chain 進(jìn)一步導(dǎo)出了無限長(zhǎng)單鏈中粒子所受合力的計(jì)算公式。
This parper exptores the interaction force of antimatters , and gives the four types interaction force and its intensity through comparison of the particles with antiparticles 探討了反物質(zhì)的基本作用力場(chǎng),并取得了正、反粒子系統(tǒng)4種作用力及其強(qiáng)度的比較結(jié)果。
Because of the interaction force of permanent moment , polarized moment , surfactant molecules with electric field , droplets of microemulsion are deform and / or align along the electric field 在外加電場(chǎng)作用下,其粘度增大,可由液態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)轭惞虘B(tài),且該過程是瞬態(tài)的、可逆的、可調(diào)控的。
Similarly the shear stresses are calculated according to the interaction force of two magnetic particles firstly , then to the resultant force on a particle in an infinite single - chain 同樣的,先只考慮單鏈內(nèi)相鄰粒子的相互作用然后考慮無限長(zhǎng)單鏈中粒子所受的合力來計(jì)算剪切應(yīng)力,后者比前者要高出5左右。
Based on the infinite single - chain structure model , research is done on mr fluids sheared by a small angle . the shear stresses are calculated according to the interaction force of two magnetic particles firstly , then to the resultant force on a particle in an infinite single - chain 先僅僅考慮單鏈內(nèi)相鄰粒子的相互作用來計(jì)算剪切應(yīng)力,然后考慮無限長(zhǎng)單鏈中粒子所受合力來計(jì)算剪切應(yīng)力,結(jié)果表明:后者比前者要高5左右。
At the same time , using remington ' s wheel - rail interaction model , calculate the interaction force between the wheel and rail and the input power of each subsystem . evaluate the mode count , damping loss factor and coupling loss factor . according the fundamental of the acoustics , predict the wheel - rail noise 同時(shí)利用remington建立的輪軌接觸模型,由輪軌間的表面粗糙度譜計(jì)算出了輪軌間的接觸力,并將其作為產(chǎn)生輪軌振動(dòng)的激勵(lì)力得到了各子系統(tǒng)的輸入功率。
With the speed up of railway transportation , the lightening design of vehicle seems to be more and more important . reducing the weight of vehicle can not only reduce the consumption of the raw materials and the power of traction , and increase the operation speed and improve the starting and braking performance of trains , but also has the advantageous to reduce the wheel / rail interaction forces , vibration and noise , increase the service life of the vehicle and the track , and economize the cost of transportation 隨著鐵路運(yùn)輸速度的提高,車輛的輕量化顯得越來越重要,減輕車輛自重,不僅可以減少原材料的消耗,有利于降低牽引功率,提高列車的運(yùn)行速度,改善列車的啟動(dòng)和制動(dòng)性能,而且可以有效的減少輪軌間的動(dòng)力作用,減少振動(dòng)和噪音,增加車輛和線路的使用壽命,節(jié)約運(yùn)輸成本。